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+sshpk
+=========
+
+Parse, convert, fingerprint and use SSH keys (both public and private) in pure
+node -- no `ssh-keygen` or other external dependencies.
+
+Supports RSA, DSA, ECDSA (nistp-\*) and ED25519 key types, in PEM (PKCS#1, 
+PKCS#8) and OpenSSH formats.
+
+This library has been extracted from
+[`node-http-signature`](https://github.com/joyent/node-http-signature)
+(work by [Mark Cavage](https://github.com/mcavage) and
+[Dave Eddy](https://github.com/bahamas10)) and
+[`node-ssh-fingerprint`](https://github.com/bahamas10/node-ssh-fingerprint)
+(work by Dave Eddy), with additions (including ECDSA support) by
+[Alex Wilson](https://github.com/arekinath).
+
+Install
+-------
+
+```
+npm install sshpk
+```
+
+Examples
+--------
+
+```js
+var sshpk = require('sshpk');
+
+var fs = require('fs');
+
+/* Read in an OpenSSH-format public key */
+var keyPub = fs.readFileSync('id_rsa.pub');
+var key = sshpk.parseKey(keyPub, 'ssh');
+
+/* Get metadata about the key */
+console.log('type => %s', key.type);
+console.log('size => %d bits', key.size);
+console.log('comment => %s', key.comment);
+
+/* Compute key fingerprints, in new OpenSSH (>6.7) format, and old MD5 */
+console.log('fingerprint => %s', key.fingerprint().toString());
+console.log('old-style fingerprint => %s', key.fingerprint('md5').toString());
+```
+
+Example output:
+
+```
+type => rsa
+size => 2048 bits
+comment => foo@foo.com
+fingerprint => SHA256:PYC9kPVC6J873CSIbfp0LwYeczP/W4ffObNCuDJ1u5w
+old-style fingerprint => a0:c8:ad:6c:32:9a:32:fa:59:cc:a9:8c:0a:0d:6e:bd
+```
+
+More examples: converting between formats:
+
+```js
+/* Read in a PEM public key */
+var keyPem = fs.readFileSync('id_rsa.pem');
+var key = sshpk.parseKey(keyPem, 'pem');
+
+/* Convert to PEM PKCS#8 public key format */
+var pemBuf = key.toBuffer('pkcs8');
+
+/* Convert to SSH public key format (and return as a string) */
+var sshKey = key.toString('ssh');
+```
+
+Signing and verifying:
+
+```js
+/* Read in an OpenSSH/PEM *private* key */
+var keyPriv = fs.readFileSync('id_ecdsa');
+var key = sshpk.parsePrivateKey(keyPriv, 'pem');
+
+var data = 'some data';
+
+/* Sign some data with the key */
+var s = key.createSign('sha1');
+s.update(data);
+var signature = s.sign();
+
+/* Now load the public key (could also use just key.toPublic()) */
+var keyPub = fs.readFileSync('id_ecdsa.pub');
+key = sshpk.parseKey(keyPub, 'ssh');
+
+/* Make a crypto.Verifier with this key */
+var v = key.createVerify('sha1');
+v.update(data);
+var valid = v.verify(signature);
+/* => true! */
+```
+
+Matching fingerprints with keys:
+
+```js
+var fp = sshpk.parseFingerprint('SHA256:PYC9kPVC6J873CSIbfp0LwYeczP/W4ffObNCuDJ1u5w');
+
+var keys = [sshpk.parseKey(...), sshpk.parseKey(...), ...];
+
+keys.forEach(function (key) {
+	if (fp.matches(key))
+		console.log('found it!');
+});
+```
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+## Public keys
+
+### `parseKey(data[, format = 'auto'[, options]])`
+
+Parses a key from a given data format and returns a new `Key` object.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `data` -- Either a Buffer or String, containing the key
+- `format` -- String name of format to use, valid options are:
+  - `auto`: choose automatically from all below
+  - `pem`: supports both PKCS#1 and PKCS#8
+  - `ssh`: standard OpenSSH format,
+  - `pkcs1`, `pkcs8`: variants of `pem`
+  - `rfc4253`: raw OpenSSH wire format
+  - `openssh`: new post-OpenSSH 6.5 internal format, produced by 
+               `ssh-keygen -o`
+  - `dnssec`: `.key` file format output by `dnssec-keygen` etc
+  - `putty`: the PuTTY `.ppk` file format (supports truncated variant without
+             all the lines from `Private-Lines:` onwards)
+- `options` -- Optional Object, extra options, with keys:
+  - `filename` -- Optional String, name for the key being parsed 
+                  (eg. the filename that was opened). Used to generate
+                  Error messages
+  - `passphrase` -- Optional String, encryption passphrase used to decrypt an
+                    encrypted PEM file
+
+### `Key.isKey(obj)`
+
+Returns `true` if the given object is a valid `Key` object created by a version
+of `sshpk` compatible with this one.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `obj` -- Object to identify
+
+### `Key#type`
+
+String, the type of key. Valid options are `rsa`, `dsa`, `ecdsa`.
+
+### `Key#size`
+
+Integer, "size" of the key in bits. For RSA/DSA this is the size of the modulus;
+for ECDSA this is the bit size of the curve in use.
+
+### `Key#comment`
+
+Optional string, a key comment used by some formats (eg the `ssh` format).
+
+### `Key#curve`
+
+Only present if `this.type === 'ecdsa'`, string containing the name of the
+named curve used with this key. Possible values include `nistp256`, `nistp384`
+and `nistp521`.
+
+### `Key#toBuffer([format = 'ssh'])`
+
+Convert the key into a given data format and return the serialized key as
+a Buffer.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `format` -- String name of format to use, for valid options see `parseKey()`
+
+### `Key#toString([format = 'ssh])`
+
+Same as `this.toBuffer(format).toString()`.
+
+### `Key#fingerprint([algorithm = 'sha256'[, hashType = 'ssh']])`
+
+Creates a new `Fingerprint` object representing this Key's fingerprint.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `algorithm` -- String name of hash algorithm to use, valid options are `md5`,
+                 `sha1`, `sha256`, `sha384`, `sha512`
+- `hashType` -- String name of fingerprint hash type to use, valid options are
+                `ssh` (the type of fingerprint used by OpenSSH, e.g. in
+                `ssh-keygen`), `spki` (used by HPKP, some OpenSSL applications)
+
+### `Key#createVerify([hashAlgorithm])`
+
+Creates a `crypto.Verifier` specialized to use this Key (and the correct public
+key algorithm to match it). The returned Verifier has the same API as a regular
+one, except that the `verify()` function takes only the target signature as an
+argument.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `hashAlgorithm` -- optional String name of hash algorithm to use, any
+                     supported by OpenSSL are valid, usually including
+                     `sha1`, `sha256`.
+
+`v.verify(signature[, format])` Parameters
+
+- `signature` -- either a Signature object, or a Buffer or String
+- `format` -- optional String, name of format to interpret given String with.
+              Not valid if `signature` is a Signature or Buffer.
+
+### `Key#createDiffieHellman()`
+### `Key#createDH()`
+
+Creates a Diffie-Hellman key exchange object initialized with this key and all
+necessary parameters. This has the same API as a `crypto.DiffieHellman`
+instance, except that functions take `Key` and `PrivateKey` objects as
+arguments, and return them where indicated for.
+
+This is only valid for keys belonging to a cryptosystem that supports DHE
+or a close analogue (i.e. `dsa`, `ecdsa` and `curve25519` keys). An attempt
+to call this function on other keys will yield an `Error`.
+
+## Private keys
+
+### `parsePrivateKey(data[, format = 'auto'[, options]])`
+
+Parses a private key from a given data format and returns a new
+`PrivateKey` object.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `data` -- Either a Buffer or String, containing the key
+- `format` -- String name of format to use, valid options are:
+  - `auto`: choose automatically from all below
+  - `pem`: supports both PKCS#1 and PKCS#8
+  - `ssh`, `openssh`: new post-OpenSSH 6.5 internal format, produced by
+                      `ssh-keygen -o`
+  - `pkcs1`, `pkcs8`: variants of `pem`
+  - `rfc4253`: raw OpenSSH wire format
+  - `dnssec`: `.private` format output by `dnssec-keygen` etc.
+- `options` -- Optional Object, extra options, with keys:
+  - `filename` -- Optional String, name for the key being parsed
+                  (eg. the filename that was opened). Used to generate
+                  Error messages
+  - `passphrase` -- Optional String, encryption passphrase used to decrypt an
+                    encrypted PEM file
+
+### `generatePrivateKey(type[, options])`
+
+Generates a new private key of a certain key type, from random data.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `type` -- String, type of key to generate. Currently supported are `'ecdsa'`
+            and `'ed25519'`
+- `options` -- optional Object, with keys:
+  - `curve` -- optional String, for `'ecdsa'` keys, specifies the curve to use.
+               If ECDSA is specified and this option is not given, defaults to
+               using `'nistp256'`.
+
+### `PrivateKey.isPrivateKey(obj)`
+
+Returns `true` if the given object is a valid `PrivateKey` object created by a
+version of `sshpk` compatible with this one.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `obj` -- Object to identify
+
+### `PrivateKey#type`
+
+String, the type of key. Valid options are `rsa`, `dsa`, `ecdsa`.
+
+### `PrivateKey#size`
+
+Integer, "size" of the key in bits. For RSA/DSA this is the size of the modulus;
+for ECDSA this is the bit size of the curve in use.
+
+### `PrivateKey#curve`
+
+Only present if `this.type === 'ecdsa'`, string containing the name of the
+named curve used with this key. Possible values include `nistp256`, `nistp384`
+and `nistp521`.
+
+### `PrivateKey#toBuffer([format = 'pkcs1'])`
+
+Convert the key into a given data format and return the serialized key as
+a Buffer.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `format` -- String name of format to use, valid options are listed under 
+              `parsePrivateKey`. Note that ED25519 keys default to `openssh`
+              format instead (as they have no `pkcs1` representation).
+
+### `PrivateKey#toString([format = 'pkcs1'])`
+
+Same as `this.toBuffer(format).toString()`.
+
+### `PrivateKey#toPublic()`
+
+Extract just the public part of this private key, and return it as a `Key`
+object.
+
+### `PrivateKey#fingerprint([algorithm = 'sha256'])`
+
+Same as `this.toPublic().fingerprint()`.
+
+### `PrivateKey#createVerify([hashAlgorithm])`
+
+Same as `this.toPublic().createVerify()`.
+
+### `PrivateKey#createSign([hashAlgorithm])`
+
+Creates a `crypto.Sign` specialized to use this PrivateKey (and the correct
+key algorithm to match it). The returned Signer has the same API as a regular
+one, except that the `sign()` function takes no arguments, and returns a
+`Signature` object.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `hashAlgorithm` -- optional String name of hash algorithm to use, any
+                     supported by OpenSSL are valid, usually including
+                     `sha1`, `sha256`.
+
+`v.sign()` Parameters
+
+- none
+
+### `PrivateKey#derive(newType)`
+
+Derives a related key of type `newType` from this key. Currently this is
+only supported to change between `ed25519` and `curve25519` keys which are
+stored with the same private key (but usually distinct public keys in order
+to avoid degenerate keys that lead to a weak Diffie-Hellman exchange).
+
+Parameters
+
+- `newType` -- String, type of key to derive, either `ed25519` or `curve25519`
+
+## Fingerprints
+
+### `parseFingerprint(fingerprint[, options])`
+
+Pre-parses a fingerprint, creating a `Fingerprint` object that can be used to
+quickly locate a key by using the `Fingerprint#matches` function.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `fingerprint` -- String, the fingerprint value, in any supported format
+- `options` -- Optional Object, with properties:
+  - `algorithms` -- Array of strings, names of hash algorithms to limit
+                support to. If `fingerprint` uses a hash algorithm not on
+                this list, throws `InvalidAlgorithmError`.
+  - `hashType` -- String, the type of hash the fingerprint uses, either `ssh`
+                  or `spki` (normally auto-detected based on the format, but
+                  can be overridden)
+  - `type` -- String, the entity this fingerprint identifies, either `key` or
+              `certificate`
+
+### `Fingerprint.isFingerprint(obj)`
+
+Returns `true` if the given object is a valid `Fingerprint` object created by a
+version of `sshpk` compatible with this one.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `obj` -- Object to identify
+
+### `Fingerprint#toString([format])`
+
+Returns a fingerprint as a string, in the given format.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `format` -- Optional String, format to use, valid options are `hex` and
+              `base64`. If this `Fingerprint` uses the `md5` algorithm, the
+              default format is `hex`. Otherwise, the default is `base64`.
+
+### `Fingerprint#matches(keyOrCertificate)`
+
+Verifies whether or not this `Fingerprint` matches a given `Key` or
+`Certificate`. This function uses double-hashing to avoid leaking timing
+information. Returns a boolean.
+
+Note that a `Key`-type Fingerprint will always return `false` if asked to match
+a `Certificate` and vice versa.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `keyOrCertificate` -- a `Key` object or `Certificate` object, the entity to
+                        match this fingerprint against
+
+## Signatures
+
+### `parseSignature(signature, algorithm, format)`
+
+Parses a signature in a given format, creating a `Signature` object. Useful
+for converting between the SSH and ASN.1 (PKCS/OpenSSL) signature formats, and
+also returned as output from `PrivateKey#createSign().sign()`.
+
+A Signature object can also be passed to a verifier produced by
+`Key#createVerify()` and it will automatically be converted internally into the
+correct format for verification.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `signature` -- a Buffer (binary) or String (base64), data of the actual
+                 signature in the given format
+- `algorithm` -- a String, name of the algorithm to be used, possible values
+                 are `rsa`, `dsa`, `ecdsa`
+- `format` -- a String, either `asn1` or `ssh`
+
+### `Signature.isSignature(obj)`
+
+Returns `true` if the given object is a valid `Signature` object created by a
+version of `sshpk` compatible with this one.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `obj` -- Object to identify
+
+### `Signature#toBuffer([format = 'asn1'])`
+
+Converts a Signature to the given format and returns it as a Buffer.
+
+Parameters
+
+- `format` -- a String, either `asn1` or `ssh`
+
+### `Signature#toString([format = 'asn1'])`
+
+Same as `this.toBuffer(format).toString('base64')`.
+
+## Certificates
+
+`sshpk` includes basic support for parsing certificates in X.509 (PEM) format
+and the OpenSSH certificate format. This feature is intended to be used mainly
+to access basic metadata about certificates, extract public keys from them, and
+also to generate simple self-signed certificates from an existing key.
+
+Notably, there is no implementation of CA chain-of-trust verification, and only
+very minimal support for key usage restrictions. Please do the security world
+a favour, and DO NOT use this code for certificate verification in the
+traditional X.509 CA chain style.
+
+### `parseCertificate(data, format)`
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `data` -- a Buffer or String
+ - `format` -- a String, format to use, one of `'openssh'`, `'pem'` (X.509 in a
+               PEM wrapper), or `'x509'` (raw DER encoded)
+
+### `createSelfSignedCertificate(subject, privateKey[, options])`
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `subject` -- an Identity, the subject of the certificate
+ - `privateKey` -- a PrivateKey, the key of the subject: will be used both to be
+                   placed in the certificate and also to sign it (since this is
+                   a self-signed certificate)
+ - `options` -- optional Object, with keys:
+   - `lifetime` -- optional Number, lifetime of the certificate from now in
+                   seconds
+   - `validFrom`, `validUntil` -- optional Dates, beginning and end of
+                                  certificate validity period. If given
+                                  `lifetime` will be ignored
+   - `serial` -- optional Buffer, the serial number of the certificate
+   - `purposes` -- optional Array of String, X.509 key usage restrictions
+
+### `createCertificate(subject, key, issuer, issuerKey[, options])`
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `subject` -- an Identity, the subject of the certificate
+ - `key` -- a Key, the public key of the subject
+ - `issuer` -- an Identity, the issuer of the certificate who will sign it
+ - `issuerKey` -- a PrivateKey, the issuer's private key for signing
+ - `options` -- optional Object, with keys:
+   - `lifetime` -- optional Number, lifetime of the certificate from now in
+                   seconds
+   - `validFrom`, `validUntil` -- optional Dates, beginning and end of
+                                  certificate validity period. If given
+                                  `lifetime` will be ignored
+   - `serial` -- optional Buffer, the serial number of the certificate
+   - `purposes` -- optional Array of String, X.509 key usage restrictions
+
+### `Certificate#subjects`
+
+Array of `Identity` instances describing the subject of this certificate.
+
+### `Certificate#issuer`
+
+The `Identity` of the Certificate's issuer (signer).
+
+### `Certificate#subjectKey`
+
+The public key of the subject of the certificate, as a `Key` instance.
+
+### `Certificate#issuerKey`
+
+The public key of the signing issuer of this certificate, as a `Key` instance.
+May be `undefined` if the issuer's key is unknown (e.g. on an X509 certificate).
+
+### `Certificate#serial`
+
+The serial number of the certificate. As this is normally a 64-bit or wider
+integer, it is returned as a Buffer.
+
+### `Certificate#purposes`
+
+Array of Strings indicating the X.509 key usage purposes that this certificate
+is valid for. The possible strings at the moment are:
+
+ * `'signature'` -- key can be used for digital signatures
+ * `'identity'` -- key can be used to attest about the identity of the signer
+                   (X.509 calls this `nonRepudiation`)
+ * `'codeSigning'` -- key can be used to sign executable code
+ * `'keyEncryption'` -- key can be used to encrypt other keys
+ * `'encryption'` -- key can be used to encrypt data (only applies for RSA)
+ * `'keyAgreement'` -- key can be used for key exchange protocols such as
+                       Diffie-Hellman
+ * `'ca'` -- key can be used to sign other certificates (is a Certificate
+             Authority)
+ * `'crl'` -- key can be used to sign Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs)
+
+### `Certificate#getExtension(nameOrOid)`
+
+Retrieves information about a certificate extension, if present, or returns
+`undefined` if not. The string argument `nameOrOid` should be either the OID
+(for X509 extensions) or the name (for OpenSSH extensions) of the extension
+to retrieve.
+
+The object returned will have the following properties:
+
+ * `format` -- String, set to either `'x509'` or `'openssh'`
+ * `name` or `oid` -- String, only one set based on value of `format`
+ * `data` -- Buffer, the raw data inside the extension
+
+### `Certificate#getExtensions()`
+
+Returns an Array of all present certificate extensions, in the same manner and
+format as `getExtension()`.
+
+### `Certificate#isExpired([when])`
+
+Tests whether the Certificate is currently expired (i.e. the `validFrom` and
+`validUntil` dates specify a range of time that does not include the current
+time).
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `when` -- optional Date, if specified, tests whether the Certificate was or
+             will be expired at the specified time instead of now
+
+Returns a Boolean.
+
+### `Certificate#isSignedByKey(key)`
+
+Tests whether the Certificate was validly signed by the given (public) Key.
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `key` -- a Key instance
+
+Returns a Boolean.
+
+### `Certificate#isSignedBy(certificate)`
+
+Tests whether this Certificate was validly signed by the subject of the given
+certificate. Also tests that the issuer Identity of this Certificate and the
+subject Identity of the other Certificate are equivalent.
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `certificate` -- another Certificate instance
+
+Returns a Boolean.
+
+### `Certificate#fingerprint([hashAlgo])`
+
+Returns the X509-style fingerprint of the entire certificate (as a Fingerprint
+instance). This matches what a web-browser or similar would display as the
+certificate fingerprint and should not be confused with the fingerprint of the
+subject's public key.
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `hashAlgo` -- an optional String, any hash function name
+
+### `Certificate#toBuffer([format])`
+
+Serializes the Certificate to a Buffer and returns it.
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `format` -- an optional String, output format, one of `'openssh'`, `'pem'` or
+               `'x509'`. Defaults to `'x509'`.
+
+Returns a Buffer.
+
+### `Certificate#toString([format])`
+
+ - `format` -- an optional String, output format, one of `'openssh'`, `'pem'` or
+               `'x509'`. Defaults to `'pem'`.
+
+Returns a String.
+
+## Certificate identities
+
+### `identityForHost(hostname)`
+
+Constructs a host-type Identity for a given hostname.
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `hostname` -- the fully qualified DNS name of the host
+
+Returns an Identity instance.
+
+### `identityForUser(uid)`
+
+Constructs a user-type Identity for a given UID.
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `uid` -- a String, user identifier (login name)
+
+Returns an Identity instance.
+
+### `identityForEmail(email)`
+
+Constructs an email-type Identity for a given email address.
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `email` -- a String, email address
+
+Returns an Identity instance.
+
+### `identityFromDN(dn)`
+
+Parses an LDAP-style DN string (e.g. `'CN=foo, C=US'`) and turns it into an
+Identity instance.
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `dn` -- a String
+
+Returns an Identity instance.
+
+### `identityFromArray(arr)`
+
+Constructs an Identity from an array of DN components (see `Identity#toArray()`
+for the format).
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `arr` -- an Array of Objects, DN components with `name` and `value`
+
+Returns an Identity instance.
+
+
+Supported attributes in DNs:
+
+| Attribute name | OID |
+| -------------- | --- |
+| `cn` | `2.5.4.3` |
+| `o` | `2.5.4.10` |
+| `ou` | `2.5.4.11` |
+| `l` | `2.5.4.7` |
+| `s` | `2.5.4.8` |
+| `c` | `2.5.4.6` |
+| `sn` | `2.5.4.4` |
+| `postalCode` | `2.5.4.17` |
+| `serialNumber` | `2.5.4.5` |
+| `street` | `2.5.4.9` |
+| `x500UniqueIdentifier` | `2.5.4.45` |
+| `role` | `2.5.4.72` |
+| `telephoneNumber` | `2.5.4.20` |
+| `description` | `2.5.4.13` |
+| `dc` | `0.9.2342.19200300.100.1.25` |
+| `uid` | `0.9.2342.19200300.100.1.1` |
+| `mail` | `0.9.2342.19200300.100.1.3` |
+| `title` | `2.5.4.12` |
+| `gn` | `2.5.4.42` |
+| `initials` | `2.5.4.43` |
+| `pseudonym` | `2.5.4.65` |
+
+### `Identity#toString()`
+
+Returns the identity as an LDAP-style DN string.
+e.g. `'CN=foo, O=bar corp, C=us'`
+
+### `Identity#type`
+
+The type of identity. One of `'host'`, `'user'`, `'email'` or `'unknown'`
+
+### `Identity#hostname`
+### `Identity#uid`
+### `Identity#email`
+
+Set when `type` is `'host'`, `'user'`, or `'email'`, respectively. Strings.
+
+### `Identity#cn`
+
+The value of the first `CN=` in the DN, if any. It's probably better to use
+the `#get()` method instead of this property.
+
+### `Identity#get(name[, asArray])`
+
+Returns the value of a named attribute in the Identity DN. If there is no
+attribute of the given name, returns `undefined`. If multiple components
+of the DN contain an attribute of this name, an exception is thrown unless
+the `asArray` argument is given as `true` -- then they will be returned as
+an Array in the same order they appear in the DN.
+
+Parameters
+
+ - `name` -- a String
+ - `asArray` -- an optional Boolean
+
+### `Identity#toArray()`
+
+Returns the Identity as an Array of DN component objects. This looks like:
+
+```js
+[ {
+  "name": "cn",
+  "value": "Joe Bloggs"
+},
+{
+  "name": "o",
+  "value": "Organisation Ltd"
+} ]
+```
+
+Each object has a `name` and a `value` property. The returned objects may be
+safely modified.
+
+Errors
+------
+
+### `InvalidAlgorithmError`
+
+The specified algorithm is not valid, either because it is not supported, or
+because it was not included on a list of allowed algorithms.
+
+Thrown by `Fingerprint.parse`, `Key#fingerprint`.
+
+Properties
+
+- `algorithm` -- the algorithm that could not be validated
+
+### `FingerprintFormatError`
+
+The fingerprint string given could not be parsed as a supported fingerprint
+format, or the specified fingerprint format is invalid.
+
+Thrown by `Fingerprint.parse`, `Fingerprint#toString`.
+
+Properties
+
+- `fingerprint` -- if caused by a fingerprint, the string value given
+- `format` -- if caused by an invalid format specification, the string value given
+
+### `KeyParseError`
+
+The key data given could not be parsed as a valid key.
+
+Properties
+
+- `keyName` -- `filename` that was given to `parseKey`
+- `format` -- the `format` that was trying to parse the key (see `parseKey`)
+- `innerErr` -- the inner Error thrown by the format parser
+
+### `KeyEncryptedError`
+
+The key is encrypted with a symmetric key (ie, it is password protected). The
+parsing operation would succeed if it was given the `passphrase` option.
+
+Properties
+
+- `keyName` -- `filename` that was given to `parseKey`
+- `format` -- the `format` that was trying to parse the key (currently can only
+              be `"pem"`)
+
+### `CertificateParseError`
+
+The certificate data given could not be parsed as a valid certificate.
+
+Properties
+
+- `certName` -- `filename` that was given to `parseCertificate`
+- `format` -- the `format` that was trying to parse the key
+              (see `parseCertificate`)
+- `innerErr` -- the inner Error thrown by the format parser
+
+Friends of sshpk
+----------------
+
+ * [`sshpk-agent`](https://github.com/arekinath/node-sshpk-agent) is a library
+   for speaking the `ssh-agent` protocol from node.js, which uses `sshpk`